Copper-Infused Fabric Treatment

What is the Effect of Copper on Pathogenic Bacteria?
Copper has powerful anti-microbial properties, which makes it a quick and effective natural disinfectant. According to various studies, contact with copper (or copper alloys such as bronze and brass) kills over 99.9% of bacteria, including resistant strains such as MRSA, VRE and pathogenic E. coli. 

Coppers Effect on E. Coli Bacteria:
• Upon contact with a dry copper surface, 10 million E. coli are killed within 10 minutes
• Upon contact with a wet copper surface, E. coli are completely eliminated in 45 minutes 

The Copper Revolution is Actually a Comeback
While modern science is still catching up to the huge benefits that copper offers, history tells us that this is nothing new. Our ancestors treated copper as a precious metal, and they may already have known what we’re just finding out.

Copper was used to sterilize wounds, purify water for drinking and even treat burns or infections by the Ancient Egyptians. It’s also a common feature in Ayurveda, a form of alternative medicine that dates back thousands of years.
Thanks to modern technology, though, we’ve managed to harness copper in a wider range of forms than ever before. These days, copper components can be found in everything from furniture to food containers, as well as textiles, paints, resins and more. 

Health Considerations
•  Copper is safe to use and unlikely to affect human health when used according to label directions.
•  Copper, present as cuprous oxide, is of low acute toxicity, severely irritating to the eyes and skin, and is not a dermal sensitizer.
•  Based on a long history of use of copper in fabricated products, it is not expected that exposure to copper from the surface materials fabricated with the end-use product will result in short-term toxicity, developmental toxicity, or genotoxicity.
• There is no risk anticipated from dermal exposure under normal conditions of use because the active ingredient is in a bound form in the fabricated products and is not likely to be transferred on contact with skin in appreciable quantities from such surfaces or be readily absorbed by the skin.

A body of evidence exists suggesting that copper can be an effective antimicrobial agent with the ability to combat both bacterial and viral pathogens.

The following is a select list of reference studies that support the use of copper:

Copper Bacteria Killing Capabilities On Surfaces:
https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(16)30338-8/pdf
https://jcm.asm.org/content/50/7/2217
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26163568
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23571364
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4561453/
https://myant.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Myant-Efficacy-of-Copper-and-Silver-as-Anti-Viral-and-Anti-Microbial-Agents.pdf
Temperature Effects on Copper & SIlver:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2779462/
Copper and skin:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4556990/#R78
Copper skin penetration:  
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16753248
CuO NP (23 nm) against various bacteria (e.g. E. Coli) via well diffusion: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jnm/2014/637858/
CuNP made with citron juice (10 – 60 nm) against P. Acnes based on disc diffusion:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25761857
CuO NP made from Acalypha indica leaf extract against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines using MTT assay:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261765477_Biosynthesis_and_characterization_of_Acalypha_indica_mediated_copper_oxide_nanoparticles_and_evaluation_of_its_antimicrobial_and_anticancer_activity
Bovine Coronavirus Test Report:
https://www.copperclothing.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Coronavirus-Test-Report-2014.pdf

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